What an ACL reconstruction?

ACL reconstruction is a surgical procedure performed to repair a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee. The ACL is one of the major ligaments in the knee that provides stability and helps prevent excessive forward movement of the shin bone (tibia) relative to the thigh bone (femur).

When the ACL is torn due to injury, such as during sports activities or sudden twisting motions, it can lead to knee instability, pain, and difficulty with activities that involve pivoting or changing direction. ACL reconstruction is often recommended for individuals who experience significant symptoms or instability in the knee following an ACL tear and who wish to return to activities that place demands on the knee.

During ACL reconstruction surgery, the torn ACL is replaced with a graft, which may be taken from the patient's own tissue (autograft) or from a donor (allograft). Common sources of graft tissue include the patellar tendon, hamstring tendons, peroneal longus tendon or cadaveric tissue. The graft is secured in place using screws or other fixation devices, and over time, it integrates and heals into the surrounding bone and tissue, providing stability to the knee.

Following ACL reconstruction, patients undergo a comprehensive rehabilitation program to regain strength, flexibility, and function in the knee. This involves physical therapy, exercises to improve range of motion and strength, and gradual return to activities and sports.

ACL reconstruction is a well-established procedure with high success rates in restoring knee stability and function, particularly when combined with appropriate rehabilitation. However, it is important for patients to follow their surgeon's recommendations and participate fully in rehabilitation to achieve the best possible outcomes.